What is 'substituted service' in the context of process serving?

Substituted service refers to a method of delivering legal documents when personal service on the defendant is not feasible. The correct definition involves leaving documents with a responsible adult at the defendant’s residence, which ensures that the papers are still delivered in a manner that is likely to inform the recipient of the legal action being taken against them. This method provides an alternative to direct delivery, catering to situations where the defendant may be evading service or is otherwise unavailable.

This approach follows the principle that as long as the documents reach the defendant indirectly through someone responsible, it fulfills the requirement of service of process. The responsible adult is expected to deliver the documents to the intended recipient, thereby maintaining the intent of legal notification.

In contrast, serving papers in person directly addresses the requirements for personal service, while notifying the defendant through a public message does not meet the necessary legal standards. Using electronic methods may offer convenience but does not constitute a form of substituted service unless specifically authorized by the court. Therefore, the option of leaving documents with a responsible adult effectively encapsulates the essence of substituted service in legal practice.