New York City Process Server Practice Test

Substituted service refers to methods used to serve legal documents when the individual to be served is unable to be reached directly. Leaving the documents with someone of suitable age and discretion at the individual's residence qualifies as a type of substituted service. This method acknowledges that while the intended recipient may not be available, serving a responsible individual who can forward the documents is a practical alternative.

Directly handing documents to the individual is considered personal service, which is not categorized as substituted service. Mailing documents without any further action could be a form of service but does not fit under the traditional definition of substituted service, as it typically requires additional steps to ensure that the other party receives notice. Posting documents on a bulletin board is generally not a recognized method of serving individuals in most contexts and usually applies to specific situations like public notices. Thus, the correct choice reflects the legal principle that provides an alternative way to ensure that individuals are informed about legal proceedings when direct service isn't feasible.